E-fuels: challenges and opportunities - Glossary

ADEME: French energy transition agency (www.ademe.fr)
ANCRE: French National Alliance of Coordination of Research for Energy (www.allianceenergie.fr)
CBAM: Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism
CCS: Carbon Capture and Storage
CCU: Carbon Capture and Utilization
COP: Conference of the Parties
DAC: Direct Air Capture
DME: DiMethyl Ether
EU: European Union
EU-ETS: EU Emissions Trading System
FuelEU: European law for shipping decarbonization (Fit for 55)
HTE: High Temperature Electrolysis
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization (www.icao.int)
ICM: Industrial Carbon Management
ICR: Industrial Carbon Removal
IEA: International Energy Agency (www.iea.org)
IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (www.ipcc.ch)
LCA: Life Cycle Analysis
Mtoe: Millions tons of oil equivalent
NZE: Net Zero Emission by 2050 (IEA scenario)
PEM: Proton Exchange Membrane
PEPR: French Priority Research Programs and Equipments
Power-to-X: Approach consisting of transforming electricity into a chemical carrier such as an e-fuel or an e-molecule
RED: Renewable Energy Directive
ReFuelEU: European law for aviation decarbonization (Fit for 55)
R&D: Research & Development
R&I: Research & Innovation
RWGS: Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction
SAF: Sustainable Aviation Fuels
SGPE: French General Secretariat for Ecological Planning
SMF: Sustainable Maritime Fuels
TIRUERT: French incentive tax relating to the use of renewable energy in transport
TRL: Technology Readiness Level